Monday 9 July 2012

[PF:169706] Divine retributions are continuing on the tyrant kaafirs as an end result of the persecutions on Muslims

All the kaafirs of the entire world, the jews, christians, fire-worshippers and mushriqs are bringing outrages on the Muslims at every turn in the world here and there, in lanes and roads, killing and making Shaheed of them, plundering assets belonging to Muslims, violating Muslim womenfolk and degrading and humiliating them by calling them militants and terrorists. Besides oppressions, they are hampering Muslims in observing their Far'd-Wajib items, Sunnate Muaqqada and even the Shariah itself. On behalf of the entire tormented Muslim class, The Imaam and Mujtahid of the age, Imaamul-Aimmah, Qutwubul 'A'alam, Mujaddide A'azwam, Habeebullah, Mamduh Hajrat Murshid Qibla Mudda Zilluhul 'A'alee of Dhaka Rajarbagh Dorbar Shareef, urges to the Shahi Dorbar Shareef of Allah Pak to save the Muslims, the way Allah saved Ka'aba Shareef from the tyrant hands of kaafir Abrwaha and also to destroy the kaafir community, the way abrwaha was destroyed. Owing to His Mubarwak appeals and supplications, Allah Ta'ala is battering the kaafirs by showering different kinds of punishments and retributions on them! The outcomes are the recent natural calamities like severe earthquakes, tsunami, heavy snowfalls, cyclones and tornadoes, wild fires of unusual dimensions in various countries of the kaafirs including Europe-America along with the severe economic recessions! Relevantly, Mujaddide A'azwam, Mudda Zilluhul A'alee Warned them, "If the jews, christians, kaafirs and mushriqs don't stop repressions on Muslims, they would turn to be street-beggars and shall eat from the dustbins. At one stage, they won't find food from dustbin even while they would fight with dogs for foods from there. And yet if they don't stop Muslim repressions, then they would be rolling on the streets not finding places (accommodations) to live. At one stage, shall roll down to the waters not finding lands to live on. They shall sink in there! Analyzing the available information and data, it is experienced that the time onward, Mujaddide A'azwam, Mudda Zilluhul A'alee began such supplications and making such predictions, Europe-America and the rest of the tyrant world of the kaafirs are being attacked in series by heavenly outrages like economic recessions and various natural disasters!

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Re: {Kantakji Group}. Add '11142' كيف نفرق بين همزة الوصل وهمزة القطع؟

جزاك الله خيرا على المعلومة المفيدة

2012/7/10 gana tahar <gana_tahar@hotmail.com>

كيف نفرق بين همزة الوصل وهمزة القطع؟

همزة الوصل هي التي يُتوصل بها إلى النطق الساكن، وتُنطق في بدء الكلام ولا تُنطق في أثناء وصله بما قبله، ولا يُكتب فوقها همزة، ومواضعها ثلاثة؛ ماضي الفعل الخماسي وأمره ومصدره مثل: اقْتَصَدَ، ادَّخَرَ، اقْتَصِدْ، ادَّخِرْ، اقْتِصَاد، ادِّخَار. وأمر الفعل الثلاثي مثل: اذْهَبْ، و"ال" التعريفية مثل: الاقْتِصَاد، الادِّخَار.

أمّا همزة القطع فهي التي تُنطق في بدء الكلام وفي وصله، ومواضعها بقيّة الحالات عدا حالات الوصل.

وللتفريق بسهولة بين همزة الوصل والقطع، نقوم بإدخال حرف الفاء أو الواو فإذا نطقناها كانت همزة قطع، وإذا اختفت في النطق كانت همزة وصل.

الأستاذ/ الطاهر قانة

جامعة باتنة - الجزائر

 

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سياسة النشر في المجموعة:
ترك ما عارض أهل السنة والجماعة... الاكتفاء بأمور ذات علاقة بالاقتصاد الإسلامي وعلومه ولو بالشيء البسيط، ويستثنى من هذا مايتعلق بالشأن العام على مستوى الأمة... عدم ذكر ما يتعلق بشخص طبيعي أو اعتباري بعينه باستثناء الأمر العام الذي يهم عامة المسلمين... تمرير بعض الأشياء الخفيفة المسلية ضمن قواعد الأدب وخاصة منها التي تأتي من أعضاء لا يشاركون عادة، والقصد من ذلك تشجيعهم على التفاعل الإيجابي... ترك المديح الشخصي...إن كل المقالات والآراء المنشورة تُعبر عن رأي أصحابها، ولا تعبّر عن رأي إدارة المجموعة بالضرورة.

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سياسة النشر في المجموعة:
ترك ما عارض أهل السنة والجماعة... الاكتفاء بأمور ذات علاقة بالاقتصاد الإسلامي وعلومه ولو بالشيء البسيط، ويستثنى من هذا مايتعلق بالشأن العام على مستوى الأمة... عدم ذكر ما يتعلق بشخص طبيعي أو اعتباري بعينه باستثناء الأمر العام الذي يهم عامة المسلمين... تمرير بعض الأشياء الخفيفة المسلية ضمن قواعد الأدب وخاصة منها التي تأتي من أعضاء لا يشاركون عادة، والقصد من ذلك تشجيعهم على التفاعل الإيجابي... ترك المديح الشخصي...إن كل المقالات والآراء المنشورة تُعبر عن رأي أصحابها، ولا تعبّر عن رأي إدارة المجموعة بالضرورة.

{Kantakji Group}. Add '11141' كيف نفرق بين همزة الوصل وهمزة القطع؟

كيف نفرق بين همزة الوصل وهمزة القطع؟

همزة الوصل هي التي يُتوصل بها إلى النطق الساكن، وتُنطق في بدء الكلام ولا تُنطق في أثناء وصله بما قبله، ولا يُكتب فوقها همزة، ومواضعها ثلاثة؛ ماضي الفعل الخماسي وأمره ومصدره مثل: اقْتَصَدَ، ادَّخَرَ، اقْتَصِدْ، ادَّخِرْ، اقْتِصَاد، ادِّخَار. وأمر الفعل الثلاثي مثل: اذْهَبْ، و"ال" التعريفية مثل: الاقْتِصَاد، الادِّخَار.

أمّا همزة القطع فهي التي تُنطق في بدء الكلام وفي وصله، ومواضعها بقيّة الحالات عدا حالات الوصل.

وللتفريق بسهولة بين همزة الوصل والقطع، نقوم بإدخال حرف الفاء أو الواو فإذا نطقناها كانت همزة قطع، وإذا اختفت في النطق كانت همزة وصل.

الأستاذ/ الطاهر قانة

جامعة باتنة - الجزائر

 

[PF:169699] Special Treatments


 
 



Special Treatments 


When a pain killer or dose of peneciline doesn't work there is always the route of alternative medicine. In the Western world this might involve some acupuncture, but in other parts of the world crazy cures are rife. From bee stings to having a turtle bite you in the face. Nothing is crazy enough if it works. The fun stops, however, when parts of endangered species such as rhinos and tigers, get used because it is believed they can cure anything from baldness to erection problems to aids.
Crazy Cures
11. Consumers enjoy mud therapy at a nursing home in Anshan, east China's Liaoning province August 21, 2006. The mineral mud is believed to be able to alleviate pain from rheumatoid arthritis, sequela of traumatisms and peripheral nervous system diseases. Picture taken August 21, 2006. REUTERS/China Daily
Crazy Cures
22. A Chinese man receives treatment with bee venom for rhinitis, an inflammation of the nasal membranes, at a clinic in the Duqu Town of Xi'an, West China's Shaanxi province, April 4, 2006. The doctor of the clinic Li Qixing uses bee venom released into the patient's body when the bee stings, to cure diseases such as rheumatism, arthritis and rhinitis. Picture taken April 4, 2006. REUTERS/China Daily
Crazy Cures
33. Garra rufa obtusas, also known as doctor fish swim near the feet of visitors at Hakone Kowakien in a hot spring resort, west of Tokyo April 17, 2006. A resort hotel opened Dr Fish bath that contains 1,000 West Asian fish. The Garra rufa fish used in this spa is known as Doctor Fish since it feeds on the dead skin from the feet of visitors and is believed by some to cure skin diseases. REUTERS/Toshiyuki Aizawa
Crazy Cures
44. A man holds a terrapin, whose touch believed to cure rheumatism and other bodily ailments, as he prepares to treat the face of a villager in Kandal province, 20km (12 miles) west of Phnom Penh, May 24, 2006. Belief in the supernatural healing powers of animals such as turtles, cows and snakes is a relatively common phenomenon in Cambodia. Picture taken May 24, 2006. REUTERS/Chor Sokutnhea
Crazy Cures
55. A woman receives traditional Chinese medical treatment with dead scorpions on her face at a hospital in Jinan, capital of eastern China's Shandong province June 12, 2006. CHINA OUT REUTERS/Stringer
Crazy Cures
66. A woman receives traditional Chinese medical treatment with a walnut on her eye and ignited dry moxa leaves in her ear at a hospital in Jinan, capital of eastern China's Shandong province June 12, 2006. CHINA OUT REUTERS/Stringer (CHINA)
Crazy Cures
77. Liz Cohen receives a treatment by letting snakes loose on her body at a spa in the northern communal village of Talmey El'Azar in this picture taken February 1, 2007. Ada Barak, the owner of the spa, uses California and Florida King snakes, corn snakes and milk snakes in her treatments, which she said were inspired by her belief that once people get over any initial misgivings, they find physical contact with the creatures to be soothing. Picture taken February 1, 2007. REUTERS/Yonathan Weitzman
Crazy Cures
88. Visitors cover their bodies with black mud at a tourist resort in Daying County of Suning, south-western China's Sichuan province, May 2, 2007. The mineral-rich black mud is believed to be good for the skin, local media reported. Picture taken May 2, 2007. REUTERS/China Daily
Crazy Cures
99. Jiang Musheng, a 66-year-old resident, eats a live tree frog at a village in Shangrao, in eastern China's Jiangxi province in this May 21, 2007 picture. Jiang suffered from frequent abdominal pains and coughing 20 years ago, until an old man called Yang Dingcai suggested tree frogs as a remedy, the Beijing News said on Tuesday. Picture taken May 21, 2007. REUTERS/China Daily
Crazy Cures
1010. Haj Mohamed el-Minyawi allows one of his bees to sting a patient suffering from ear problems in Cairo July 14, 2007. Minyawi believes that the bee stings have special properties, that when used on different parts of the body can cure ailments like kidney problems, appendicitis and even cancer. Minyami has opened his home to public and treats people from all over Cairo. REUTERS/Nasser Nuri
Crazy Cures
1111. A patient undergoes cupping treatment at Huangzhiguo Traditional Chinese Massage and Acupuncture Clinic in Shanghai August 8, 2007. Cupping is a treatment that claims to take the heat out of the body, by using cups that are heated before being placed on the body of the patient. Huangzhiguo Traditional Chinese Massage and Acupuncture Clinic is the largest private clinic on Chinese traditional massage and acupuncture in Shanghai. REUTERS/Nir Elias
Crazy Cures
1212. A man covered with mud sits in a medicinal mud pond at the Lagoon of Miracles in Chilca January 20, 2008. The 'Lagoon of Miracles,' with its distinct greenish colour along with the mud ponds that surround it, is said to cure everything from acne to rheumatism. REUTERS/Enrique Castro-Mendivil
Crazy Cures
1313. A man is administered a live fish as a medicine during a camp in the southern Indian city of Hyderabad June 9, 2007. Every year in June, Bathini Goud Brothers, a family in Hyderabad, draws thousands for administering the fish medicine which they claim miraculously cures asthma. REUTERS/Krishnendu Halder
Crazy Cures
1414. A man prepares to swallow a live fish that has been dipped in homemade medicine during a camp in the southern Indian city of Hyderabad June 9, 2010. Every year in June, the Bathini Goud brothers from Hyderabad draw thousands to their camp to take part in the administering of the fish medicine, which they believe cures them of asthma and respiratory problems. REUTERS/Krishnendu Halder
Crazy Cures
1515. A patient receives a traditional Chinese medical treatment with needles and ignited dry moxa leaves on her face to cure facial paralysis, at a hospital in Jinan, Shandong province August 5, 2010. REUTERS/Stringer
Crazy Cures
1616. A doctor ignites dry moxa leaves in a patient's ear during a traditional Chinese medical treatment for curing brain atrophy, at a hospital in Jinan, Shandong province August 5, 2010. REUTERS/Stringer
Crazy Cures
1717. A patient receives a traditional Chinese medical treatment to cure cervical spondylosis at a hospital in Hefei, Anhui province November 15, 2010. Cervical spondylosis is a condition where the cervical spine made of vertebraes and discs degenerate. REUTERS/Stringer
Crazy Cures
1818. Mohmmed Emad, 41, lies buried neck-deep in the sand in the El Dakrror mountain area at Siwa Oasis, 700 km northwest of Cairo and 55 km to the Libyan border, August 12, 2008. The people in Siwa believe that being buried in the sand during the hottest time of the day is a therapeutic treatment which can cure rheumatism, joint pain and sexual impotency. REUTERS/Nasser Nuri
Crazy Cures
1919. Parapsychologist Fernando Nogueira communicates with spirits with one of his patients in Fafe, northern Portugal December 6, 2008. Surrounded by clean hospital beds in his new Occult Sciences Centre in northern Portugal, Fernando Nogueira makes exorcism sound almost mundane. REUTERS/Jose Manuel Ribeiro
Crazy Cures
2020. A Palestinian Hujama therapist (L) treats a patient (C) suffering from backache at his clinic in Khan Younis refugee camp in the southern Gaza Strip June 15, 2009. Hujama is traditional Islamic treatment method that involves creating a vacuum on the skin by placing inverted cups on parts of the body and drawing blood from an incision on the skin. REUTERS/Ibraheem Abu Mustafa
Crazy Cures
2121. Assem al-Tamimi, a Palestinian doctor and Hijama specialist, treats a patient at his clinic in the West Bank city of Hebron August 8, 2009. Hijama is a traditional Islamic treatment method that involves creating a vacuum on the skin by placing inverted cups on parts of the body and drawing blood from an incision on the skin. REUTERS/Nayef Hashlamoun
Crazy Cures
2222. A hearing impaired Palestinian boy receives treatment with bee venom at a clinic in Gaza City July 8, 2009. REUTERS/Ibraheem Abu Mustafa
Crazy Cures
2323. Garra rufa obtusas, also known as doctor fish, swim around the face of a man as he relaxes in a hot spa pool in Kangal, 105 kilometers (65 miles) south of the central Anatolian city of Sivas August 9, 2009. The treatment is believed to heal Psoriasis, a chronic skin disease which affects the joints and skins. Garra rufa obtusa, also known as doctor fish which live in mineral-rich hot spa pools, is used in the treatment as they nibble away the diseased skin. The mineral-rich water is then believed to aid in the healing process of the lesions. People suffering from psoriasis travel to Kangal to stay at the spa for 21 days and visit the fish pools twice daily for four-hour treatment sessions. Picture taken August 9, 2009. REUTERS/Umit Bektas
Crazy Cures
2424. Peruvian Ety Napadenschi (L), who is eight month pregnant, is touched by a dolphin named Wayra during a therapy session for pregnant women at a hotel in Lima, October 25, 2005. The therapy is supposed to stimulate the brains of the baby inside the belly, with the dolphins high-frequency sounds, to develop neuron abilities. REUTERS/Pilar Olivares Also
Crazy Cures
2525. A villager pours water over the carcass of a dead calf, which villagers believe to be a magic cow born with crocodile skin, during its funeral at Trang Per village in Pusat province, 190km (120 km) northwest of Phnom Penh August 20, 2009. The villagers believe that drinking water poured over the calf can cure rheumatism and other bodily ailments. Belief in the supernatural healing powers of animals such as cows, snakes and turtles is a relatively common phenomenon in Cambodia, where over a third of the population lives on under $1 a day and few can afford modern medicines. REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea
Crazy Cures
2626. An apprentice of the traditional Bosson religion uses her healing powers to cure a young child during the Ahouwe ritual purification dance in Aniassue on the eastern Ivory Coast July 15, 2007. Ahouwe is a ritual dance in Ivory Coast's eastern Akan area and in Ghana, during which followers become possessed by genies who instruct them on the preparation of natural cures. The women who practice the Bosson religion are known as Komians, spiritual mediums who claim to possess healing powers. REUTERS/ Luc Gnago
Crazy Cures
2727. Cambodia villagers collect the urine of a cow believed to have healing powers in Kompot province, about 100 km (62 miles) south of the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh, on September 26, 2002. Belief in the supernatural healing powers of animals such as cows, snakes and turtles is relatively common in Cambodia, where more than third of the population lives on less than $1 a day and few can afford modern medicines. REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea
Crazy Cures
2828. Russian woman takes leech treatment in a laboratory in Moscow, February 1, 2001. The International Leech Centre raises leeches for use in treatments dating from ancient Egypt for a wide variety of ailments, including blood disorders and immunity problems. AS/FMS
Crazy Cures
2929. An asthma patient swallows a life fish as part of his treatment in Bombay June 8. The tiny river fish's mouth is stuffed with herbal medicine before it is forced live down the throat of asthmatics in a ritual that some Indians believe provides a sure shot cure for the disease. The combination of herbs used in the procedure is a secret that is tightly guarded by an Indian family which claims to have known it for 150 years. SK/DL/CLH/
Crazy Cures
3030. Kazuhiro Aoki, puts his face in an aquarium as Garra rufa, a fish used for skin treatment, nibbles his skin at the Beautyworld Japan trade fair in Tokyo May 20, 2008. Over 600 exhibitors took part in Japan's largest beauty trade fair which ends May 21. REUTERS/Yuriko Nakao
Crazy Cures
3131. A man is made to swallow a live fish as a form of medicine during a camp in the southern Indian city of Hyderabad June 8, 2008. Every year in June, the Bathini Goud brothers from Hyderabad draw thousands to their camp to take part in the administering of the fish medicine, which they believe cures them of asthma and respiratory problems. REUTERS/Krishnendu Halder
Crazy Cures
3232. A resident receives horn cupping treatment on his back on a street in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region July 13 2008. Cupping is an alternative form of pain therapy that has been part of Chinese medicine for over 2,500 years, local media reported. REUTERS/Stringer
Crazy Cures
3333. Nine-year-old Muhammad Ponari (L), a boy whom locals believe possesses healing powers, dips his magic stone into a bottle of water, during a mass healing event in Jombang, East Java province February 11, 2009. About two months ago, Ponari caught a stone which fell from the sky, shortly after lightning struck the area he was playing in, according to Ponari's uncle, Mulyono. Believing that this stone contained magical healing powers, thousands have sought Ponari's help by drinking water which he dips the stone in. Picture taken February 11, 2009. REUTERS/Sigit Pamungkas
Crazy Cures
3434. Students perform Rubber Neti, an ancient yogic technique, in the northern Indian city of Chandigarh May 21, 2009. Many Indians believe that Rubber Neti controls the common cold, cough and asthma and keeps the nasal passages clean. REUTERS/Ajay Verma


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[PF:169698] 11 Continuously Inhabited Oldest Cities in the World



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: iqbal sheikh <iqbalyat@gmail.com>
Date: 9 July 2012 14:08
Subject: Fwd: ! Brilliant - Pakistan ! 11 Continuously Inhabited Oldest Cities in the World
To: hayat khan <khanhayat454@gmail.com>




---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: M G <striking29@hotmail.com>
Date: 9 July 2012 09:32
Subject: ! Brilliant - Pakistan ! 11 Continuously Inhabited Oldest Cities in the World
To: brilliant-pakistan@yahoogroups.com







 

Ever since man learned to grow their own food and rear cattle, they have been living in permanent to semi-permanent settlements with certain degree of planning. Although opinions vary on whether any particular ancient settlement can be considered to be a city, there is no doubt that towns and cities have a long history.

The earliest civilizations in history were established in the region known as Mesopotamia, largely corresponding to modern-day Iraq, northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey and southwestern Iran. Archaeological remains unearthed in Mesopotamia provides proof of settlements dating back to 10,000 BC. After Mesopotamia, the city culture arose in Syria and Anatolia, as shown by the city of Çatalhöyük (7500-5700BC). Mohenjodaro of the Indus Valley Civilization in present-day Pakistan existed from about 2600 BC and was one of the largest ancient cites with a population of 50,000 or more.

While it might not be too difficult to determine which is the oldest city in the world, there is fierce contention for the title of the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world. Often the age claims are disputed and historical evidences are difficult to prove. Then there are differences in opinion as to the definitions of "city" as well as "continuously inhabited". In any case, the following cities besides being some of the ancient in the world, they continue to grow and thrive until the present day.

Jericho, Israel

Continuously Inhabited Since: 9000 BC

jericho

Jericho is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian territories, capital of the Jericho Governorate and with a modest population of around 20,000. Situated well below sea level Jericho is believed to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world.

Described in the Old Testament as the "City of Palm Trees", copious springs in and around Jericho have made it an attractive site for human habitation for thousands of years. Archaeologists have unearthed the remains of more than 20 successive settlements in Jericho, the first of which dates back 11,000 years (9000 BCE), almost to the very beginning of the Holocene epoch of the Earth's history.

During the Younger Dryas period of cold and drought, permanent habitation of any one location was not possible. However, the spring at what would become Jericho was a popular camping ground for hunter-gatherer groups, who left a scattering stone tools behind them. Around 9600 BCE the droughts and cold of the Younger Dryas Stadial had come to an end, making it possible for groups to extend the duration of their stay, eventually leading to year round habitation and permanent settlement. By about 9400 BCE Jericho had more than 70 dwellings, and was home to over 1000 people.

Damascus, Syria

Continuously Inhabited Since: 6300 BC

Damascus

Damascus is the capital and the second largest city of Syria. In addition to being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Damascus is a major cultural and religious center of the Levant.

Damascus is often claimed to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world, and evidence exists of a settlement in the wider Barada basin dating back to 9000 BC. However within the area of Damascus there is no evidence for large-scale settlement until the second millennium BC. Carbon-14 dating at Tell Ramad, on the outskirts of Damascus, suggests that the site may have been occupied since the second half of the seventh millennium BC, possibly around 6300 BC.

Byblos, Lebanon

Continuously Inhabited Since: 5000 BC

SONY DSC

Byblos is a Mediterranean city in the Mount Lebanon Governorate of present-day Lebanon. It is believed to have been founded around 5000 BC, and according to fragments attributed to the semi-legendary pre-Trojan war Phoenician historian Sanchuniathon, it was built by Cronus as the first city in Phoenicia.

Byblos is located on the Mediterranean coast of present-day Lebanon, about 26 miles (42 kilometers) north of Beirut. It is attractive to archaeologists because of the successive layers of debris resulting from centuries of human habitation. The first settlement appeared approximately 6230 BC. During the 3rd millennium BC, the first signs of a town can be observed, with the remains of well-built houses of uniform size.

Aleppo, Syria

Continuously Inhabited Since: 5000 BC

aleppo

Aleppo is the largest city in Syria and the capital of Aleppo Governorate, the most populous Syrian governorate. Aleppo has scarcely been touched by archaeologists, since the modern city occupies its ancient site. Therefore, it's hard to put a precise date on how old the city is it. Excavations at Tell as-Sawda and Tell al-Ansari, just south of the old city of Aleppo, show that the area was occupied from around 5000 BC.

The city's continuous inhabitation is due to its strategic trading position that attracted settlers of all races and beliefs who wished to take advantage of the commercial roads that met in Aleppo from as far as China and Mesopotamia to the east, Europe to the west, and the Fertile Crescent and Egypt to the south. Today, with an official population of 2,132,100 (2004 census), it is one of the largest cities in the Levant.

Athens, Greece

Continuously Inhabited Since: 5000 BC

athens

Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state - a centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum. It is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely due to the impact of its cultural and political achievements during the 5th and 4th centuries BC on the rest of the then known European continent.

The oldest known human presence in Athens is the Cave of Schist, which has been dated to between the 11th and 7th millennium BC. Athens has been continuously inhabited for at least 7000 years. During the early Middle Ages, the city experienced a decline, then recovered under the later Byzantine Empire and was relatively prosperous during the period of the Crusades (12th and 13th centuries), benefiting from Italian trade. Following a period of sharp decline under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, Athens re-emerged in the 19th century as the capital of the independent Greek state.

Argos, Greece

Continuously Inhabited Since: 5000 BC

argos2

Argos is a city and a former municipality in Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece. Argos has been continuously inhabited for the past 7,000 years, making it one of the oldest cities in Greece and Europe. At a strategic location on the fertile plain of Argolis, Argos was a major stronghold during the Mycenaean era. In classical times Argos was a powerful rival of Sparta for dominance over the Peloponnese, but was eventually shunned by other Greek city-states after remaining neutral during the Greco-Persian Wars. Numerous ancient monuments can be found in the city today, the most famous of which is the renowned Heraion of Argos, though agriculture (particularly citrus production) is the mainstay of the local economy.

Faiyum, Egypt

Continuously Inhabited Since: 4000 BC

faiyum

Faiyum is a city in Middle Egypt, located 130 km southwest of Cairo. Founded in around 4000 B.C., it is the oldest city in Egypt and one of the oldest cities in Africa.

The town occupies part of the ancient site of Crocodilopolis, the most significant center for the cult of Sobek, the crocodile-god. The city worshipped a sacred crocodile, named Petsuchos, that was embellished with gold and gems. The crocodile lived in a special temple, with sand, a pond and food. When the Petsuchos died, it was replaced by another.

After the city passed into the hands of the Ptolemies, the city was renamed Ptolemais Euergetis. The city was renamed Arsinoe by Ptolemy Philadelphus to honor Arsinoe II of Egypt, his sister and wife, during the 3rd century BCE.

Sidon, Lebanon

Continuously Inhabited Since: 4000 BC

sidon

Sidon is the third-largest city in Lebanon, located about 40 km north of Tyre and 40 km south of the capital Beirut. There is evidence that Sidon was inhabited from as long ago as 4000 BC, and perhaps, as early as Neolithic times (6000 - 4000 BC).

Sidon is now third-largest city in Lebanon with a busy port called Saydah. For the reason that it is still occupied, archaeological research of the city is very difficult, so its history is pieced together from what records remain, plus what digs can be carried out during any rebuilding or construction projects.

Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Continuously Inhabited Since: 3000 BC ~ 4000 BC

plovdiv

Plovdiv is the second-largest city in Bulgaria. Plovdiv's history spans 6,000 years, with traces of a Neolithic settlement dating to roughly 4000 BC, ranking it among the world's oldest cities. Archaeologists have discovered fine pottery and other objects of everyday life from as early as the Neolithic Age, showing that in the end of the 4th millennium BC. there already was an established settlement there.

Plovdiv was originally a Tracian settlement before becoming a major Roman city. It later fell into Byzantine and Ottoman hands, before becoming part of Bulgaria. The city is a major cultural centre and boasts many ancient remains, including a Roman amphitheatre and aqueduct, and Ottoman baths.

Gaziantep, Turkey

Continuously Inhabited Since: 3650 BC

SONY DSC

Gaziantep is a city in southeast Turkey located 185 kilometers northeast of Adana and 127 kilometers by road north of Aleppo, Syria. It is the sixth most populous city in Turkey.

Dating back to the 4th millennium BCE, Gaziantep has traces of Hittite settlement that continued till about 1183 when it was conquered by Turkish tribes. Till then it was predominantly a Syrian town named `Hamtap`. The Ottoman Empire invaded the place in the early 16th century and named it `Ayintab` meaning `good spring`. The rule continued for three centuries uninterrupted until 1919 when it was occupied by the British, which was followed by a French control in 1920. In 1922 however the Turks won back their land from the French troops and the prefix `Gazi` was added meaning `warrior of Islam` and hence the name Gaziantep.

Delhi, India

Continuously Inhabited Since: 3500 BC

delhi2

Delhi is the largest city and the second most populous metropolis in India, and 8th most populous metropolis in the world. The Indian capital city of Delhi has a long history, including a history as the capital of several empires.

Delhi is known to have been continuously inhabited since at least the 6th century BC, though human habitation is believed to have existed since several millennia BC. Delhi is generally considered close to a 5000-year old city as per the ancient Indian text "The Mahabharata". Delhi is widely believed to have been the site of Indraprastha, the legendary capital of the Pandavas during the times of the Mahabharata, founded around 3500 BC.

But archeological evidence to support the claim is scarce and inconclusive. The excavated ceramic pottery and the excavated layers of the ancient city seem to match what the verses of the Mahabharata indicate. More possible evidence in its favour is the existence of a village named Indraprastha very close to the Purana Qila that was destroyed by the British during the construction of Lutyens' Delhi.

Delhi was built, destroyed and rebuilt several times, particularly during the Medieval era, as outsiders who successfully invaded the Indian Subcontinent would ransack the existing capital city in Delhi, and those who came to conquer and stay would be so impressed by the city's strategic location as to make it their capital and rebuild it in their own way.

Whatever records exist of Delhi, they crown the city as the Capital city of some empire or the other all through, with minor random breaks in between, making Delhi one of the longest serving Capitals and one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world.





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[PF:169698] : Interesting Confusion's



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[PF:169695] Who You Are .... (THOUGHTS).



 










Very True




I Met Money and Said You Are Just A Piece of Paper
Money Smiled & Said Of Course,
But I Haven't Seen A Dust Bin For Me Yet!


Meaningful Message:
A Tongue Has No Bones.
But It Can Break A Heart.
It Can Also Be A Pillar For Building A Broken Heart!


Tomorrow Will Come Daily.
But Today Will Come Today Only.
So Finish Your Today's Work Today Itself.
And Be Free Tomorrow.


Every Night We Go To Bed,
We Have No Assurance To Get Up Alive In The Next Morning
But Still You Have Plans For The Coming Day;
That's Hope!


What Is Forgiveness?
It Is The Wonderful Smell That A Flower Gives......
When it's Being Crushed!


Do You Know
Who Is The Most Sweetest Couple in the World?
SMILE and TEARS. They Meet Rarely.
But When They Meet,
The Moment Becomes UNFORGETTABLE.


What is Success?
When Your SIGNATURE Changes to
AUTOGRAPH.


-Richness is
NOT Earning, Spending or Saving More,
Richness is, When You Need "NO MORE."
 


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